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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Tutu Urges End to 'Culture of Black Violence'
</title>
<article>
<hdr>
Foreign Broadcast Information Service, April 2, 1991
South Africa: Tutu Urges End to `Culture of Black Violence'
</hdr>
<body>
<p>["Extracts" from address by Archbishop Desmond Tutu in Capetown
"this week" headlined: "Tutu's Plea To End Culture of Black
Violence." Johannesburg SUNDAY TIMES in English 31 Mar 91 p 2]
</p>
<p> [Text] It seems as if the culture of violence is taking root
in our society. We are becoming brutalised and almost
anaesthetised to accept what is totally unacceptable...
</p>
<p> My friends, yes, there are many reasons why there is
violence.
</p>
<p> In periods of transition there is the violence due to the
instability of transition, as we have seen in parts of Eastern
Europe.
</p>
<p> Yes, South Africa has never really had a culture of
tolerance. The Government and its supporters have used
dastardly and nefarious methods to deal with their opponents,
ranging from the vilification and pillorying of these, as still
happens on SABC-TV and radio and government-supporting media,
up to the physical elimination of people, such as has now been
confirmed through the death squads, such as the CCB [Civil
Cooperation Bureau].
</p>
<p> Consequently, people have learnt that those who differ with
you are enemies and the only way to deal with the enemy is to
liquidate them.
</p>
<p> Yes, that is true.
</p>
<p> Some of the violence is due to socio-political and economic
deprivation, and sociologists will tell you that when you think
your life will end in a cul-de-sac, that you won't make it in
the rat race, then the level of your frustration rises and you
break out violently...
</p>
<p> Yes, that is true.
</p>
<p> It is true also that we are reaping the horrible harvest of
apartheid through the migratory labour system and its ghastly
single-sex hostels. It was an explosion waiting to happen,
placing virile men in single-sex hostels cheek-by-jowl with
townships where they saw other men leading normal lives with
their families. And these hostel-dwellers were alienated from
those township communities.
</p>
<p> Yes, all that is true.
</p>
<p> It is true that the police and the security forces have on
the whole behaved disgracefully, being accused on all sides of
a lack of professionalism as a peace-keeping force totally
unbiased, and sometimes it might be true that some of them have
sought to foment the violence.
</p>
<p> Yes, that is all true. But it is not all the truth.
</p>
<p> A lot of violence is due to political rivalry. Political
groups in the black community are fighting for turf, and they
do not seem to know, or certainly some of their followers don't
seem to know, that a cardinal tenet of democracy is that people
must be free to choose freely whom they want to support.
</p>
<p> To coerce, to intimidate, is to admit that your policy can't
persuade on its own merits. People must be free to choose
freely whether they want to participate or not in boycotts, in
mass action. That is an irreducible, and incontrovertible,
aspect of democracy.
</p>
<p> Something has gone desperately wrong in the black community.
We black people must, of course, point to all the causes of
violence I have pointed out and to others that I have not
referred to. But ultimately we must turn the spotlight on
ourselves. We can't go on for ever blaming apartheid.
</p>
<p> Of course, it is responsible for a great deal of evil.
</p>
<p> But ultimately, man, we are human beings and we have proved
it in the resilience we have shown in the struggle for justice.
We did not allow ourselves to be demoralised, dehumanised. We
could laugh, we could forgive. We refused to be embittered at
some of the worst moments in the struggle.
</p>
<p> What has gone wrong that we have seemed to have lost our
reverence for life, when children can dance around someone
dying the gruesome death of necklacing?
</p>
<p> Something has gone desperately wrong when our leaders are
not listened to by their followers. There is much to admire in
our political organisations, but there is much also which is
not right.
</p>
<p> Some of those who belong to these organisations are totally
undisciplined, and you can't wage a struggle unless you are
dedicated and disciplined. Our organisations need to go back to
the grassroots and instil discipline from the lowest ranks up.
</p>
<p> It seems to me that we in the black community have lost our
sense of ubuntu--our humaneness, caring, hospitality, our
sense of connectedness, our sense that my humanity is bound up
in your humanity.
</p>
<p> We are losing our self-respect; demonstrated, it seems to me
most graphically, by the horrible extent of dumping and
littering in our townships. Of course, we live in squalor.
</p>
<p> But we are not rubbish. Why do we seem to say that is what
we are when you see how we treat our already poor environment?
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>